Estimating maximum initial wave amplitude of subaerial landslide tsunamis: A three-dimensional modelling approach

Fig. 1. Locations and details of a few landslide tsunamis (both submarine and subaerial events) worldwide. PNG stands for Papua New Guinea. For the case of the December 2018 Anak Krakatau subaerial landslide tsunami, the initial wave is shown based on Heidarzadeh et al. (2020) who reported an initial wave amplitude of 100 – 150 m for this event. References for other events mentioned in this figure are: Synolakis et al. (2002) for the PNG event; Gusman et al. (2019) for the Palu event; Heidarzadeh et al. (2022) for the Seram Island event; Hu et al. (2023) and Heidarzadeh et al. (2023) for the Türkiye event; and Baptista et al. (2020) for the Pakistan event.